1.Choose suitable solar panels:
Organic solar panels:
Advantages: flexibility;
Disadvantages: sensitive to water vapor, low conversion efficiency;
Conversion efficiency: about 8%;
Amorphous silicon solar panels:
Advantages: flexibility and low cost;
Disadvantages: low conversion efficiency;
Conversion efficiency: 10%-12%;
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide solar panels:
Advantages: flexibility, light weight, low cost, low light power generation, no hot spots
Disadvantages: complex production process;
Conversion efficiency: 14%-18%;
Cadmium Telluride Solar Panel:
Advantages: large-scale production, low cost;
Disadvantages: rigid and toxic;
Conversion efficiency: 16%-18%;
Polycrystalline silicon solar panels:
Advantages: low cost, abundant sources of materials;
Disadvantages: rigidity, hot spots, attenuation of conversion efficiency;
Conversion efficiency: 18%-21%;
Monocrystalline silicon solar panels:
Advantages: low cost, abundant sources of materials;
Disadvantages: rigidity, hot spots, decline in conversion efficiency;
Conversion efficiency: 20%-23%;
GaAs solar panels:
Advantages: flexibility, light weight, high power generation efficiency, low light power generation, no hot spots
Disadvantages: complex production process;
Conversion efficiency: 28%-31%;
When choosing, pay attention to whether low light can still generate electricity and whether there is a hot spot effect that is prone to fire. Otherwise, the power generation time is short and the product is easily damaged, even if the conversion efficiency is high, it is not cost-effective.
2. The light receiving angle must be selected well. The solar power generation system components similar to large-scale photovoltaic power plants that automatically track the sun are the most ideal. Households must be determined according to the local latitude and light receiving surface.
3. Others are usually places that need attention, such as installing on a roof that is not blocked as much as possible; the local annual average sunshine time is less than 3 hours is not suitable for installation, etc.
The above is the best way to maximize the efficiency of solar panels, let's talk about several difficulties in improving the conversion rate of solar panels.
The main difficulties in improving the conversion rate of solar cells are as follows:
(1) The photoelectric conversion rate of the solar panel itself is limited
As mentioned earlier, the highest conversion rate of solar panels is 26%. The essence of a solar cell is a pair of PN junctions. In the case of sunlight, the electrons in the cell are excited to generate electron-hole pairs to form a PN junction. In the PN junction, the directional movement of electrons is formed to generate current. This is photoelectric conversion. principle. Because the energy of light is dispersed rather than continuous, the number of electrons that can be excited is limited, which results in the limited photoelectric conversion rate of the solar panel itself.
Related: Solar panels how they work
(2) The purification of silicon is difficult
For silicon solar cells, the higher the purity of silicon, the higher the conversion rate, while the purification of silicon materials is difficult and costly.
(3) The influence of temperature
Solar panels will form light spots at high temperatures, causing short circuits in components, affecting conversion rates and even causing battery failure.
(4) Light intensity
(5) Transparency, reflectivity, refractive index, etc. of the surface of the solar panel
(6) The placement angle of the solar panels. Generally, the installation angle is related to the local dimension.
